Watan Satumba shi ne wata na tara a cikin ƙilgar Girigori (Gregorian), wanda aka fi amfani da ita a yawancin ƙasashe na duniya. Watan yana da kwanaki 30 kuma yana zuwa bayan watan Agusta, kafin watan Oktoba. Shi ne da Turanci muke ƙiransa da ‘SEPTEMBER’.
• Asalin Sunan Satumba
Watan Satumba yana da tarihi mai tsawo wanda ya samo asali daga tsohuwar al'adar Romawa. Asalin sunan "Satumba" ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Latin "septem," wato "bakwai," saboda yana daga cikin watanni na bakwai a tsohuwar kalandar Romawa, wanda aka fi sani da "kalandar Romulus," wadda take farawa a watan Maris, wanda hakan ya sa Satumba ya kasance wata na bakwai a shekarar.
Wannan kalanda ta ƙunshi watanni goma ne kacal, tare da watan Disamba a matsayin na goma. An sanya sunan watannin ne da tsari bisa ga lambobin su:
Maris (1),
Afrilu (2),
Mayu (3),
Yuni (4),
Quintilis (5),
Sextilis (6),
Satumba (7),
Oktoba (8),
Nuwamba (9), da
Disamba (10).
Gyaran Kalandar Romawa
A cikin karni na 8 K.Z., Romulus, wanda ke ce wa shi ne wanda ya kafa birnin Roma, ya ƙirƙiri kalandar watanni goma, wanda ya haɗa da watan Satumba a matsayin na bakwai. Duk da haka, wannan kalandar ba ta yi daidai ba, domin tana da kwanaki 304 ne kacal a shekara, wanda hakan ya sa ba a kula da yanayi daidai ba. Saboda wannan kuskuren, an yi wasu gyare-gyare a cikin ƙarni na 7 K.Z. ƙarƙashin Sarki Numa Pompilius (753 - 673 BC), wanda ya ƙ ara watanni biyu, Janairu da Fabrairu (wato, January, a matsayin watan farko; da kuma February a wata na biyu), wanda ya sanya Satumba a matsayin wata na tara.
Gyaran Kalandar Julius
Wannan gyara ya zo ne lokacin da Julius Caesar (100 – 44BC) ya aiwatar da kalandar Julian a cikin 46 K.Z. Wannan kalandar ta maye gurbin tsohuwar kalandar Romawa wadda ke da kwanan wata 355 kuma ta shigar da tsarin "leap year" don daidaita tsawon shekara da tsawon lokacin juyin duniya a kusa da rana. Watan Satumba ya kasance wata na tara a cikin kalandar Julian, tare da kwanaki 30, wanda ya kasance a matsayin wata na kaka a Arewa ta Duniya.
Gyaran Kalandar Girigori (Gregorian)
Watan Satumba ya samu matsayin na yanzu ne bayan ƙaddamar da kalandar Gregorian a cikin shekarar 1582 C.E., karkashin jagorancin Paparoma Gregory XIII. Wannan kalanda ce ake amfani da ita a yau a duniya baki ɗaya (wato kalandar miladin Annabi Isah عليه السلام). A cikin wannan kalandar, Satumba ya kasance wata na tara, tare da kwanaki 30.
Abubuwa Masu Muhimmanci da suka faru a/da watan Satumba
1. Duk da canje-canjen da aka yi a tsawon lokaci, sunan Satumba bai taɓa canzawa ba tun daga tsohuwar kalandar Romawa har zuwa ta Girigori. Watan ya kasance mai cike da tarihi da kuma al'adun da suka faru a cikin duniya.
Duk da ce wa sunan ya samo asali ne daga lokacin da shekarar ta fara daga Maris, bayan gyaran kalandar, watan Satumba ya tsaya daram a matsayin wata na tara, kuma wannan suna ya ci gaba da kasancewa tare da shi. Wannan tarihi ya sanya watan Satumba a matsayin wata mai cike da alaƙa da tarihin duniya, tare da kasancewa wata na musamman a duk shekara.
2. A tarihin duniya, an sami manyan abubuwa da dama da suka faru a cikin watan Satumba, kamar fara Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu (1 ga Satumba, 1939), harin 9/11 a Amurka (11 ga Satumba, 2001), da kuma juyin mulki da suka canza tsarin duniya.
3. A ƙasashe da dama, musamman a Yammacin Duniya (Western World), watan Satumba yana alamta farawar sabon zangon karatu a makarantu da jami’o’i. Yara da ɗalibai suna dawowa makaranta bayan hutun bazara, kuma wannan lokaci ne da ake fara sabbin darussa da manufofin ilimi.
4. A cikin watan Satumba, yanayin duniya yana sauyawa. A ƙasashen da ke Arewacin duniya, kamar Turai da Amurka, yana alamta fara lokacin kaka, inda ganyen bishiyoyi ke sauya kala zuwa ja, zinariya (golden colour), da ruwan ɗorawa (yellow). A wasu yankuna, musamman na Kudanci DUniya, kamar Afirka ta Kudu da Australiya, wannan wata yana alamta fara lokacin damina.
A Nijeriya kuma, yanayi a watan Satumba yana da banbanci sosai daga Arewa zuwa Kudu. A Arewacin Nijeriya ana kammala damina tare da yanayi mai zafi, a Tsakiya kuma (Middle Belt) ana ci gaba da samun ruwan sama, yayin da Kudancin Najeriya (Western Nijeriya) kuma ake fama da zafi mai ɗauke da danshi da kuma yawan ruwan sama. Wannan lokaci ne da ke nuna canjin yanayi daga damina zuwa lokacin rani, musamman a yankunan Arewa.
5. A cikin watan Satumba, akwai wasu muhimman ranakun hutu ko al’amura na musamman da ake gudanarwa a wasu lokutan watan Satumba a Najeriya:
a. Hutun Bikin Maulidi a ranar Litinin 16 ga Satumba, 2024.
b. Shirye-shiryen Ranar Samun ‘Yancin Kai da ake gabatarwa a 1 ga Octoba na kowacce shekara. Wannan wata yana cike da shirye-shiryen al’adu, gwaje-gwaje, da baje-kolin kayan tarihi da al’adu.
6. A yankunan karkara, watan Satumba yana ɗaya daga cikin lokutan da ake gudanar da ayyukan noma, musamman ma girbin amfanin gona kamar su hatsi da kayan lambu. A wannan wata ne manoma ke ci gaba da girbe amfanin su kafin yanayin ya canza zuwa sanyi.
7. A fagen wasanni, musamman a ƙasashen da ake buga kwallon kafa, watan Satumba yana alamta cigaba da manyan gasar wasanni kamar Premier League a Ingila, La Liga a Spain, da sauran manyan gasa a duniya. Wannan wata ne da masoya wasanni ke fara shigar da kansu cikin sabuwar kakar wasa.
6. A watan Satumba, an fi samun fitar sababbin fasahohi kamar su wayoyi, kwamfyutoci, da sauran na'urori. Kamfanoni irin su Apple, Google, da Samsung na yawan gabatar da sababbin kayayyakin fasaha a cikin wannan wata.
Watan Satumba yana daya daga cikin watanni masu cike da abubuwan da suke ɗaukar hankali, tare da al’amuran gargajiya, kasuwanci, ilimi, da bukukuwa da suke ba da muhimmanci ga rayuwar al’umma.
Allah ya ba mu alheran cikin watan, ya kiyaye mu daga dukkan sharrukan cikinsa, amin.
✍🏻Aliyu M. Ahmad
1st September, 2024
27th Safar, 1446AH
#TCRHausa #Satumba #TCRNews #TCREnglish
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