Sufyan Al-Thawry (97AH - 161AH) yake cewa: "ma'abota ilimi, suna rayuwa a matakai/zango guda uku:
1. Girman kai
2. Ƙanƙan da kai (tawadhu'u)
3. Sanin ba ka san komai (da komai) ba
A zango farko, girman kai na shigar wanda ya san sabon abu, kamar yadda ƙaramin yaro ke murna da taƙama idan an sa masa sabon kaya. Ƙaramin misali, duba halayen JAMBITOS/FRESHERS a farkon shiga jami'a, a lokacin suna matakin "newfound intellects" a nazariyyar Mary Hardin ta "Intellectual Humility" (2015).
Wasu kuma, ƙarancin tarbiyyar ilimi ce, Ibn Jaziry (751 - 833AH) ya ce, Abdullahi bin Mubarak (118 - 181AH) ya ce, ya zauna tsawon shekaru 30 yana koyon tarbiyya, sannan shekaru 20 kuma yana neman ilimi" (Ghayatun Nihayah 1/446).
A zango na biyu ne, Abdullahi bin Aamir ke cewa: "idan nutsattsen mutum ya koyi ilimi, sai ya zama mai ƙanƙan-da-kai (tawadhu'u), idan kuma jahili ya sami wani ilimi, sai ya ji girman kai", ko a wajen jayayya, Sheikh Hamza Yusuf (1956 - yau) ke cewa: "kuskuren da za ka yi, ya sa ma tawadhu'u, ya fi nasarar da za ka yi, ta sa girman kai". A wannan zangon ne in aka jinginawa mutum kalmar "malam", sai yana kawarwa, yana cewa "a'a, almajiri dai", nan mutum ya fara ɗaukar saiti, da ƙara buɗin ido cikin karatu da nazari.
A zangon ƙarshe, shi ne zangon da Suƙrat ke cewa: "الحكمة الحقيقية الوحيدة هي معرفة أنك لا تعرف شيئًا" Ma'ana: "hikimar gaskiya, ita ce, ka fahimci ba ka san komai (da komai) ba". A wannan matakin, mutum na taƙaita ga iya inda ya kware a ilimi, ba don bai san wani ko sauran fannoni ba, misali a zamance 'specialisation' na masu Ph.D, ko daga magabta, ko yau, a ce, ai malamin Tafsiri ne, ko malamin Fiqhu ne, ko malamin Jarhi ko Musɗalahu ne, ko malamin Aƙida ne...mis. Ibn Abi Zaydul Qayrawani (310 - 386AH) a Fiƙhu, Khatibul Baghdad (392 - 463AH) a Hadisi, Imam At-Tabary (224 - 310AH) a Tafsiri, Imamu As-Suyuti (849 - 911AH) a fannoni da dama, da sauransu.
Zangon ƙarshe ya haɗa da tarin ilimi mai zurfi, bincike kan mas'alolin ilimi, da tawadhu'u. A wannan zangon, duk tarin ilimin malami, in ka tambaye shi, idan ba shi da amsa, ko tabbaci kan amsa, zai ce ma, BAN SANI BA [Siyar A'lam An-Nubala', 4/318]. An taɓa tambayar Imam Malik (93 - 179AH) kan mas'aloli 40, ya bada amsar 4, ya ce bai san amsar 36 ba.
A ɓangaren jahilci (rashin sani) kuma, Al-Mahalli (791 - 864AH) cikin Sharh Al-Waraqat (p. 59 - 60), malamai sun raba jahilci gida 2, "Jahl Basit" da "Jahl Murakkab".
• Jahl Basit, ba shi da ilimin kan wani abu, idan ka sanar da shi, zai karɓa, idan ka masa gyara, zai gode ma; kuma yana tambaya don neman sani (ilimi); shi ne Ibn Qayyim (691 AH - 751 AH) ke cewa: “قد جعل النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - الجهل داء ، وجعل دواءه سؤال العلماء ” [Al-Jawab Al-Kafi 1/8].
• Jahl Murakkab, shi kuma bai sani ba, bai san bai sani ba, zai riƙe wani abu a matsayin ilimi, alhali ba shi ne haƙiƙanin ilimin ba, har ya kan iya jayayya don kare jahilcinsa, ba zai yi tambaya ba, ba zai je gaban malamai ba. Idan ka masa gyara, zai ji haushinka. Ana samun irin wannan hatta a cikin ɗaliban ilimi da malamai, ko mutane masu buɗe littafai, ba tare da jagorancin Malami ba. Wannan shi ne misali da Yahudu da Nasara cikin Baƙarah aya ta 113.
Ibn Hazam Azzahiry (384 - 456AH) cikin Al-Akhlaƙ Wal Siyar (p. 23): "babu wata musiba da za ta faɗawa ilimi da malamai, kamar kutsen waɗanda ba ma'abota ilimi ba (su yafa rigar malunta), za su yi maganar jahilci, a zaton maganar ilimi suke, suna lalata ilimin haƙiƙa, suna zaton gyara suke, (sannan jahilai su kasa gane malamai na haƙiƙa, da jahilai cikin rigar malunta)".
✍️ Aliyu M. Ahmad
24th Safar, 1444AH
21st September, 2022CE
#AliyuMAhmad
#RayuwaDaNazari
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